list of slaves sold by georgetown university
- On Mar, 12, 2023
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[15] Alice Clifton (c. 1772-unknown), as an enslaved teenager, she was a defendant in an infanticide trial in 1787. Please visit ourmembership pageto learn how you can invest in our work by subscribing to the magazine or making a donation. Dubuisson described how the public reputation of the Jesuits in Washington and Virginia declined as a result of the sale. Cardinal McElroy on radical inclusion for L.G.B.T. There is joy in that, she said, exhilaration even. After the Jesuits vacated the buildings, Ryan and Mulledy Halls lay vacant, while Gervase Hall was put to other use. In April 2017, Georgetown renamed buildings that had honored university leaders responsible for selling those enslaved Africans to Louisiana plantations. . [12], One of the Maryland Jesuits' institutions, Georgetown College (later known as Georgetown University), also rented slaves. The college relied on Jesuit plantations in Maryland to help finance its operations, university officials say. Through the project, genealogists have discovered 8,425 descendants of enslaved people sold in 1838. Unknown because that portion of history is so like anything that reflects on the horrors of slavery preempted from our history. [21], Meanwhile, in order to fund the province's operations,[22] McSherry, as the first provincial superior of the Maryland Province,[17] began selling small groups of slaves to planters in Louisiana in 1835, arguing that it was not possible to sell the slaves to local planters and that the buyers had assured him that they would not mistreat the slaves and would permit them to practice their Catholic faith. We have committed to finding ways that members of the Georgetown and Descendant communities can be engaged together in efforts that advance racial justice and enable every member of our Georgetown community to confront and engage with Georgetowns history with slavery.. In the list are links to affiliate partners. Amazing! [26] Johnson and Batey were to be held jointly and severally liable and each additionally identified a responsible party as a guarantor. The remainder of the slaves were accounted for in three subsequent bills of sale executed in November 1838, which specified that 64 would go to Batey's plantation named West Oak in Iberville Parish and 140 slaves would be sent to Johnson's two plantations, Ascension Plantation (later known as Chatham Plantation) in Ascension Parish and another in Maringouin (Iberville Parish). Several substitutions were made to the initial list of those to be sold, and 91 of those initially listed remained in Maryland. In fact, Harvard, Columbia, Brown, University of Virginia did as well. Dr. Rothman, the Georgetown historian, heard about Mr. Cellinis efforts and let him know that he and several of his students were also tracing the slaves. John DeGioia, President, Georgetown University. We encourage you to share the site on social media. Twenty-seven years earlier, a document dated June 19, 1838, showed that Maryland Jesuit priests sold 272 slaves to the owners of Louisiana plantations. This coincided with a protest by a group of students against keeping Mulledy's and McSherry's names on the buildings the day before. In addition to becoming physically dilapidated, all but one of the plantations had fallen into debt. As part of Georgetown University's Slavery, Memory, and Reconciliation initiative, students in Professor Adam Rothman's fall 2019 UNXD 272 class researched buildings and sites on Georgetown's campus to provide historical context for understanding their significance. Georgetown University Archives The Jesuits had sold off individual slaves before. [2] As the sole ministers of Catholicism in Maryland at the time, the Jesuit estates became the centers of Catholicism. Use our links to Amazon anytime you shop Amazon. [33], Almost immediately, the sale, which was one of the largest slave sales in the history of the United States,[28] became a scandal among American Catholics. Georgetown and the Society of Jesus Maryland Province have issued an apology for their role in this action to more than 100 descendants who had been traced at the time of the apology. [28], Anticipating that some of the Jesuit plantation managers who opposed the sale would encourage their slaves to flee, Mulledy, along with Johnson and a sheriff, arrived at each of the plantations unannounced to gather the first 51 slaves for transport. [27] The agreement provided that 51 slaves would be sent to the port of Alexandria, Virginia in order to be shipped to Louisiana. [4] Many of these slaves were gifted to the Jesuits, while others were purchased. It lists the slaves by name according to plantation where they lived, identifies family groups, and records which ship (1, 2, or 3) they were shipped in. If youre already a subscriber or donor, thank you! When the Society of Jesus was suppressed worldwide by Pope Clement XIV in 1773, ownership of the plantations was transferred from the Jesuits' Maryland Mission to the newly established Corporation of Roman Catholic Clergymen. In all, the Jesuits sold 314 men, women and children over . Another building has been renamed Anne Marie Becraft Hall in honor of a free Black woman who established a school in the town of Georgetown for Girls of color. June 1838 the University benefited from the sale of 272 slaves, some as young as 2 months old to finance the ailing institution. [35] He ordered McSherry to inform Mulledy that he had been removed as provincial superior, and that if Mulledy refused to step down, he would be dismissed from the Society of Jesus. It is better to prevent than to attempt to remedy. Copyright 2023 America Press Inc. | All Rights Reserved. WIKITREE PROTECTS MOST SENSITIVE INFORMATION BUT ONLY TO THE EXTENT STATED IN THE TERMS OF SERVICE AND PRIVACY POLICY. The slaves were also identified as collateral in the event that Johnson, Batey, and their guarantors defaulted on their payments. [7] As early as 1814, the trustees of the Corporation of Roman Catholic Clergymen discussed manumitting all their slaves and abolishing slavery on the Jesuit plantations,[10] though in 1820, they decided against universal manumission. A problem can is not solved without first recognizing it, discussing it and taking steps to rectify the long term damage that continues to this day. The students organized a protest and a sit-in, using the hashtag #GU272 for the slaves who were sold. Revealed: The Slave Sold to Save Georgetown by Stacy M. Brown March 22, 2017 Frank Campbell was sold in 1838 to help save Georgetown. The hope was to eventually identify the slaves descendants. [72][70] Georgetown also made a $1million donation to the foundation and a $400,000 donation to create a charitable fund to pay for healthcare and education in Maringouin, Louisiana. His owner, Mr. Batey, had died, and Cornelius appeared on the plantations inventory, which included 27 mules and horses, 32 hogs, two ox carts and scores of other slaves. Of the sum, $8,000 was used to satisfy a financial obligation that,[23] following a long-running and contentious dispute, Pope Pius VII had previously determined the Maryland Jesuits owed to Archbishop Ambrose Marchal of Baltimore and his successors. This admissions preference has been described by historian Craig Steven Wilder as the most significant measure recently taken by a university to account for its historical relationship with slavery. Logging in will also give you access to commenting features on our website. In 1838, the Jesuit priests who ran the countrys top Catholic university needed money to keep it alive. Others, including two of Corneliuss uncles, ran away before they could be captured. Kenney found the slaves facing arbitrary discipline, a meager diet, pastoral neglect, and engaging in vice. Her ancestors, once amorphous and invisible, are finally taking shape in her mind. [58] In November of that year, following a student-led protest and sit-in,[59] the working group recommended that the university temporarily rename Mulledy Hall (which opened during Mulledy's presidency in 1833)[60] to Freedom Hall, and McSherry Hall (which opened in 1792 and housed a meditation center)[61] to Remembrance Hall. These posts focus on the reality of Black life in America after the Civil War culminating in the landmark Brown v Board of Education that changed so many of the earlier practices. We ask readers to log in so that we can recognize you as a registered user and give you unrestricted access to our website. If you login and register your print subscription number with your account, youll have unlimited access to the website. And the money raised by the sale would not be used to pay off debt or for operating expenses. [31][b] There are several reasons many slaves were left behind. [69] Several groups of descendants have been created, which have lobbied Georgetown University and the Society of Jesus for reparations, and groups have disagreed with the form that their desired reparations should take. During this time, the Jesuits funded some of the most prestigious institutions of higher education in America in part through profits earned on their plantations. A Jesuit reports on the slaves' religious life in Louisiana, 1848, Chatham Plantation, Ascension Parish, Louisiana. [28] Most of the slaves who fled returned to their plantations, and Mulledy made a third visit later that month, where he gathered some of the remaining slaves for transport. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Join Amazon Prime Watch Thousands of Movies & TV Shows Anytime. Georgetown is not the only institution that has prospered on the backs of enslaved people. people, women and others in the Catholic Church, Cardinal Cupich: Critics of Pope Francis Latin Mass restrictions should listen to JPII. Having descendant voices present alongside historical documents is an essential part of the GU272 narrative, said Claire Vail, the projects director for American Ancestors, in an announcement about the website. Father Mulledy promised his superiors that the slaves would continue to practice their religion. Some of that money helped to pay off the debts of the struggling college. Hundreds of Blacks were slaughtered and 10,000 left homeless in this largely unknown event. You are here: blueberry crumble cake delicious magazine; hendersonville nc city council candidates 2021; list of slaves sold by georgetown university . Behind her are sugar plantations and the sugar mill where her ancestors worked. Other industries made loads of money indirectly. On Juneteenth, the debate comes to Congress. Login to post. The church records helped lead to a 69-year-old woman in Baton Rouge named Maxine Crump. [29], Not all of the 272 slaves intended to be sold to Louisiana met that fate. [27] Johnson allowed these slaves to remain in Maryland because he intended to return and try to buy their spouses as well. They change every day, so check often. Now, for the first time, Ms. Crump understood its origins. Leave a message for others who see this profile. Georgetown and the College of the Holy Cross renamed buildings, and the Jesuit Conference of Canada and the United States pledged to raise $100 million for the descendants of slaves owned by the Jesuits. [70], The Corporation of Roman Catholic Clergymen was created in 1792 to preserve the property of the.